The Federal Trade Commission said in a report that major social media companies and video streaming services engaged in vast consumer surveillance while failing to provide adequate privacy controls or safeguards for children.

Social media companies gather data through tracking technologies used in online advertising and buying information from data brokers, and other means, the FTC said.

Consumers do not understand how much privacy they are giving up, largely to facilitate targeted advertising, the Federal Trade Commission said in a report on the data practices of social media and video streaming companies.