The pristine world of Antarctica ... towards the underside of the ice shelves. This warm water would then interact with the ice, causing significant melting from below and weakening the overall ...

Antarctica's ice sheet was formed by thousands of years of accumulated and compacted snow. Along the coast the ice gradually floats out onto the sea, forming massive ledges known as ice shelves.

It's known that Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW), a water mass that is up to 4°C above local freezing temperatures, is flowing beneath the ice shelves in West Antarctica and melting them from below.

This mechanism contributes substantially to the melting of ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea of West Antarctica. These ice shelves are destabilizing rapidly and contributing to sea level rise.

Look out over Antarctica in the summer ... "In the absence of sea ice, the ocean swell can break apart ice shelves faster than they otherwise would," Purich said. "Once the shelves have broken ...

Nasa said: “A geothermal heat source called a mantle plume lies deep below Antarctica's Marie Byrd Land, explaining some of the melting that creates lakes and rivers under the ice sheet.

UN weather agency issues ‘red alert’ on climate change after record heat, ice-melt increases in 2023 The U.N. weather agency is sounding a "red alert" about global warming, citing record ...

This mechanism contributes substantially to the melting of ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea of West Antarctica. These ice shelves are destabilizing rapidly and contributing to sea level rise.

Look out over Antarctica in the summer, and time seems frozen. The South Pole's midnight sun appears to hover in place, never dropping below the horizon for weeks between November and January.