This paper examines the impact of changes in commuting time on welfare and labor supply in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilizing data from the American Time Use Survey, we observe a shift ...

We show how the standard social welfare framework can be used to assess the performance of social safety nets (SSNs) in terms of targeting efficiency and budget effort. We apply this framework to the ...

Doubts persist about the effectiveness of monetary transmission in emerging markets, but the empirical evidence is scarce due to challenges in identifying monetary policy shocks. In this paper, we ...

The Montenegrin economy grew robustly by 6 percent in 2023 as consumption remained strong, tourism revenues exceeded pre-pandemic levels, and the influx of relatively affluent Russian and Ukrainian ...

An International Monetary Fund (IMF) team, led by Mr. Ivohasina Fizara Razafimahefa, conducted discussions with the Gambian authorities in Banjul from April 23 to May 3, 2024, and reached a ...

The IMF conducted a diagnostic review of the financial system of the Kingdom of Eswatini and proposed a Technical Assistance Roadmap to support the authorities’ detection of risks and vulnerabilities ...

IMF staff and the Armenian authorities have reached a staff-level agreement on the third review under the 2022 Stand-By Arrangement (SBA), which the Armenian authorities treat as precautionary. The ...

An IMF mission, led by Clara Mira, conducted discussions in Chisinau during April 22-May 3 for the fifth reviews of Moldova’s programs under the ECF/EFF arrangement and the first review under the ...

The region has an opportunity to develop critical minerals markets and processing industries to maximize the coming boom.

An International Monetary Fund (IMF) team, led by Ms. Wenjie Chen, visited Bamako from April 21 to 26, 2024, following high-level discussions with the Malian authorities in Washington D.C. during the ...

Keynote Address by Kristalina Georgieva, IMF Managing Director, at the Annual EU Budget Conference 2024 “Looking Ahead: The EU Budget of the Future,” April 29, 2024, Brussels ...

Today, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) completed the second and final review of Pakistan’s economic reform program supported by the IMF’s Stand-By Arrangement (SBA).